Exposé complet , Female genital mutilation or Excision

INTRODUCTION

Female genital mutilation (FGM), or excision (FGM/E), refers to the total or partial removal of the external female genital organs. Generally performed by a traditional excisor with a knife or razor blade with or without anesthesia, the practice is concentrated in 27 African countries, in Yemen and Iraqi Kurdistan as well as to a lesser extent in Asia and among immigrant populations in countries Westerners. According to a 2013 UNICEF report, around 130 million women and girls live with genital mutilation worldwide. What are the causes and consequences of such a practice and what solution should be considered for its eradication? We will try to provide some answers through this presentation.

I. ORIGIN AND DEFINITION

1. Origin

The origin of FGM is unknown but it is deeply rooted in the traditions of many groups where it is associated with purity, chastity and constitutes a rite of passage to adulthood. Operations are usually organized by women as much for reasons of honor and pride as for social obligation.

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2. Definition

II. TYPES OF FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION

III. PROCEDURE FOR FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION

1. Process

2. Complications

IV. THE REASONS OF GENITAL MUTILATION

1. Social reasons

2. Religious reasons

V. THE CONSEQUENCES OF GENITAL MUTILATION

1. The advantages

2. The consequences

a. The immediate consequences

b. Long-term complications

VI. SUGGESTED SOLUTIONS

1. At the societal level

2. At the state level

3. At the level of international organizations

CONCLUSION